52:10387 Ahmed,
Ashraf U. Socioeconomic determinants of age at first
marriage in Bangladesh. Journal of Biosocial Science, Vol. 18, No.
1, Jan 1986. 35-42 pp. Cambridge, England. In Eng.
"This study
examines the factors affecting age at first marriage--place of
residence, education, premarital work status, religion, husband's
childhood residence, education and occupation. Women's education
appears to be the strongest determinant of variation in marriage age,
and all the other factors show statistically significant influences."
The data are from the 1976 Bangladesh Fertility
Survey.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10388 Anzo,
Shinji. Measurement of the marriage squeeze and its
application. Jinkogaku Kenkyu/Journal of Population Studies, Vol.
5, No. 8, May 1985. 1-10 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Eng. with sum. in Jpn.
The author first examines two measurements of the marriage squeeze,
namely, the sex ratio measure developed by Akers, Heer, and
Grossbard-Schechtman and the S measure constructed by Schoen. Using
these measures, Japanese data for the years 1950 to 1980 are analyzed,
showing a marriage squeeze for females in the first two decades and for
males in the 1970s. Explanations for these findings are suggested, and
the relative merits of the two methods are
considered.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10389 Beets, G.
C. N.; Cruijsen, H. G. J. M. Population forecasts 1984:
hypotheses on nuptiality. [Bevolkingsprognose 1984: hypothesen
betreffende de nuptialiteit.] Maandstatistiek van de Bevolking, Vol.
33, No. 10, Oct 1985. 50-68 pp. Voorburg, Netherlands. In Dut. with
sum. in Eng.
The assumptions and hypotheses concerning nuptiality
used in the official 1984 population forecasts for the Netherlands are
presented. These assumptions, based on a study of the relevant
literature and on trend analysis, postulate a decline in probabilities
of first marriage and in the incidence of widowing and remarriage; and
an increase in nonmarital cohabitation, age at marriage, and incidence
of divorce. Projections of first marriage, divorce, widowing, and
remarriage rates for female birth cohorts through the end of this
century are then computed, and the methods used in deriving these
projections are discussed.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
52:10390 Bloom,
David E.; Bennett, Neil G. Marriage patterns in the United
States. Center for Population Studies Discussion Paper, No. 85-4,
Apr 1985. 22, [9] pp. Harvard University, Center for Population
Studies: Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"This paper analyzes
cohort marriage patterns in the United States in order to determine
whether declining rates of first marriage are due to changes in the
timing of marriage, the incidence of marriage, or both....The results
provide evidence that the incidence of first marriage is declining and
that there is only a slight tendency for women to delay marriage. In
addition, education is the most important correlate of decisions about
the timing of first marriage whereas race is the most important
correlate of decisions about its incidence."
This is a revised
version of a paper originally presented at the 1984 Annual Meeting of
the Population Association of America (see Population Index, Vol. 50,
No. 3, Fall 1984, p. 431).
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
52:10391 Espenshade,
Thomas J.; Wolf, Douglas A. SIPP data on marriage,
separation, divorce, and remarriage. Problems, opportunities, and
recommendations. Journal of Economic and Social Measurement, Vol.
13, No. 3-4, Dec 1985. 229-36 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
Longitudinal data concerning marital status, which are being
collected by the U.S. Bureau of the Census in the Survey of Income and
Program Participation (SIPP) are described, and certain limitations are
discussed. Recommendations are suggested concerning design changes in
the marital history section of the SIPP.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10392 Fargues,
Philippe. Marriage traditions in Arab societies.
[Traditions matrimoniales dans les societes arabes.] Population et
Societes, No. 198, Jan 1986. 4 pp. Institut National d'Etudes
Demographiques [INED]: Paris, France. In Fre.
An attempt is made to
summarize some features concerning marriage patterns common to the
countries of the Arab world. Consideration is given to the impact of
the instability of Islamic marriages, the role of the dowry and
endogamy, the relationship between repudiation of the spouse and
fertility, and the impact of female education.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10393 Festy,
Patrick. Divorce, judicial separation and remarriage.
Recent trends in the member states of the Council of Europe.
Council of Europe Population Studies, No. 17, ISBN 92-871-0826-9. 1985.
70 pp. Council of Europe: Strasbourg, France. In Eng.
This report
is a result of the work of an expert committee set up at the
recommendation of the Council of Europe's Steering Committee on
Population to examine issues related to divorce, judicial separation,
and remarriage in member countries. The report examines the frequency
of divorce, the characteristics of those divorcing, divorced couples
and their children, and remarriage. Numerous statistical data on
divorce are included in an appendix.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
52:10394
Friedlander, Dov; Ben Moshe, Eliahu. Occupations,
migration, sex ratios, and nuptiality in nineteenth century English
communities: a model of relationships. Demography, Vol. 23, No.
1, Feb 1986. 1-12 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"Two effects of
occupational structure on nuptiality levels are examined: a direct
functional effect related to the influence of socioeconomic
characteristics on the feasibility and desirability of marriage, and an
indirect structural effect related to nuptiality levels via sex
selective migration patterns and population sex ratios. [The] analysis
shows that nuptiality levels in nineteenth century English and Welsh
districts were responsive to occupational variation and that both
direct and indirect effects were significant. [The] results suggest
that socioeconomic factors, often overlooked in favor of cultural
explanation, must be considered in the analysis of
nuptiality."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10395 Germany,
Federal Republic of. Bundesminister fur Jugend, Familie und Gesundheit
(Bonn, Germany, Federal Republic of). Nonmarital
cohabitation in the Federal Republic of Germany. [Nichteheliche
Lebensgemeinschaften in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland.] Schriftenreihe
des Bundesministers fur Jugend, Familie und Gesundheit, Vol. 170, ISBN
3-17-009033-X. 1985. 185 pp. W. Kohlhammer: Stuttgart, Germany, Federal
Republic of. In Ger.
Results are presented from a project begun in
1982 to study nonmarital cohabitation in the Federal Republic of
Germany. The project consists of four separate studies: a
representative survey of approximately 2,000 persons living in
consensual unions and 1,000 married couples, a qualitative study of
motivations and attitudes among 130 persons, a literature review, and a
secondary analysis of official data from the micro-censuses of 1972-
1982.
The findings indicate that between 1 million and 2.5 million
persons live in consensual unions, and this number has increased by 277
percent between 1972 and 1982. However, only 8 percent of these
couples are opposed to marriage; in most cases these unions are viewed
as a form of premarital cohabitation rather than as an alternative to
marriage.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10396 Hoem,
Britta. Regional trends in modern cohabitation:
methodology and results. [Regional utveckling i det moderna
samboendet, analysmetoder och resultat.] Stockholm Research Reports in
Demography, No. 22, ISBN 91-7820-009-1. Nov 1984. 78 pp. University of
Stockholm, Section of Demography: Stockholm, Sweden. In Swe.
This
is one in a series of progress reports from a research project on the
life cycle of women in modern Sweden from 1936 to 1960. In the present
paper, regional variations in the frequency of consensual union in
Sweden are reviewed, and changes over time are described. The author
notes that consensual unions have played an important role in Sweden,
particularly in the past few decades. Regional data are presented on
cohabitation, marriage, adolescent childbearing, and cohabitation
leading to marriage.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
52:10397 Hoem, Jan
M. The impact of education on modern union
initiation. Stockholm Research Reports in Demography, No. 27, ISBN
91-7820-014-8. Aug 1985. 71 pp. University of Stockholm, Section of
Demography: Stockholm, Sweden. In Eng.
Education as a determinant
of entry into a first union, through either marriage or cohabitation,
is examined. Interview data from the 1981 Swedish Fertility Survey of
some 4,300 single women with zero parity (born between 1936 and 1960)
are analyzed. Distinguishing between current student status and the
level of education attained, the author finds that students initiate
unions at much lower rates than nonstudents and that the amount of
education has no significant effect on entry into consensual
unions.
At the same time, the study finds that social background
influences marriage formation only through the differential use of the
educational system by women from various social strata while social
origin is seen as an important determinant of cohabitation. The
significance of respondents' educational histories for conducting
future surveys is noted.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
52:10398 Jurgens,
Hans W.; Pohl, Katharina. Sex ratio and the marriage
squeeze. [Sexualproportion und Heiratsmarkt.] Zeitschrift fur
Bevolkerungswissenschaft, Vol. 11, No. 2, 1985. 165-78 pp. Wiesbaden,
Germany, Federal Republic of. In Ger. with sum. in Eng; Fre.
The
authors use 1982 official data for the resident population of the
Federal Republic of Germany to indicate a substantial surplus of males
in the current marriage market in contrast to the surplus of women in
the total population. Reductions in the birth rate and in infant
mortality are suggested as causes of this
imbalance.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10399 Kellerhals,
Jean; Languin, Noelle; Perrin, Jean-Francois; Wirth,
Genevieve. Social status, family structure, and divorce:
a longitudinal analysis of breach of unions in a marriage cohort.
[Statut social, projet familial et divorce: une analyse longitudinale
des ruptures d'union dans une promotion de mariages.] Population, Vol.
40, No. 6, Nov-Dec 1985. 811-27 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in
Eng; Spa.
"This article analyzes the causes of divorce among a
cohort of couples married in Geneva [Switzerland] between 1974 and
1975, from information based on interviews and other data collected at
four different points [in] time." The classical factors associated with
divorce, including its acceptability, financial constraints, and
differences in social class between spouses, do not seem to be major
determinants of divorce. The authors conclude that the main factor
concerns changes in attitude toward marriage and that divorce is more
frequent among couples who stress the importance of individual rights
and equality between the sexes.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
52:10400 Kim, Yoon
Shin. Marriage pattern of the Korean population in
Japan. Journal of Biosocial Science, Vol. 17, No. 4, Oct 1985.
445-50 pp. Cambridge, England. In Eng.
"The trends of
intermarriage, and the attitude to it, of Koreans in Japan were
examined. About 47 [percent] of total marriages of Koreans during the
period 1965-79 comprised a husband and wife of different nationality.
The proportion of Korean-Japanese marriages was higher than that of
Korean-Korean marriages in recent years....The results suggest that
mixed marriages of Koreans and Japanese will continue to increase and
may influence the future fertility of Koreans in Japan." The data are
from official Japanese vital statistics.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10401 Kojima,
Hiroshi; Atoh, Makoto; Itoh, Tatsuya; Ikenoue, Masako. An
application of the nuptiality model developed by Coale and McNeil.
Jinko Mondai Kenkyu/Journal of Population Problems, No. 175, Jul 1985.
36-47 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Jpn.
The authors use Japanese data for
the period since 1950 to suggest that the nuptiality model developed by
Coale and McNeil is no longer completely applicable to the situation in
contemporary Japan with regard to certain age groups. Methods to
correct discrepancies in past data are discussed.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10402 Kojima,
Hiroshi. Unbalanced sex ratio and nuptiality change: a
short review of the literature. Jinkogaku Kenkyu/Journal of
Population Studies, No. 7, May 1984. 53-8 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Jpn.
The international literature on the relationship between imbalances
in the sex ratio and nuptiality trends is briefly reviewed. The
geographical focus is worldwide.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
52:10403
Lapierre-Adamcyk, Evelyne. The incidence of
divorce from the point of view of children: application of a method to
the situation in Quebec, 1969-1980. [L'incidence du divorce du
point de vue des enfants: application d'une methode a la situation du
Quebec, 1969-1980.] Cahiers Quebecois de Demographie, Vol. 13, No. 2,
Oct 1984. 303-9 pp. Montreal, Canada. In Fre.
Divorce statistics
for Quebec, Canada, for the years 1969- 1980 concerning the duration of
marriage and the number of dependent children at the time of divorce
are analyzed to obtain an indicator of the frequency of divorce from
the perspective of children. The author finds that the age
distribution of children of divorced parents is similar to the age
distribution of all children in the population.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10404 Lavoie,
Claudette. Description of a marital mobility model and its
application to Quebec. [Description et application au Quebec d'un
modele de mobilite matrimoniale.] Cahiers Quebecois de Demographie,
Vol. 13, No. 2, Oct 1984. 215-45 pp. Montreal, Canada. In Fre. with
sum. in Eng; Spa.
"The marital mobility model allows for the
simultaneous study of the formation and break-up of couples in a given
cohort. The model is equally suited for longitudinal and for period
analysis. Its essential feature is the construction of a multiple
status life table that deals either with initial status changes or with
successive ones. Preliminary results obtained for Quebec indicate
that, in recent generations, individuals marry less and divorce more;
at the same time the prevalence of cohabitation and the number of
births out of wedlock both continue to increase."
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10405 Lehning,
James R. Nuptiality and rural industry: families and
labor in the French countryside. Journal of Family History, Vol.
8, No. 4, Winter 1983. 333-45 pp. Minneapolis, Minnesota. In Eng.
"This essay examines the impact of rural industry on nuptiality
from several perspectives. First, aggregate data on marriage behavior
during the second half of the eighteenth century are considered for one
of the major proto-industrial regions of France, the departments along
the northern border. No clear relationship is found between nuptiality
and the presence of rural industry. The essay then examines the
composition of the proto-industrial labor force in the department of
the Loire during the nineteenth century and suggests some
clarifications of this relationship."
The author suggests that two
different models of proto-industrial family economy emerged and that
the existence of both types in one area has produced the ambiguous
results found in the aggregate data. "Thus, while in some parts of
Europe proto-industrialization may have influenced age at marriage and
proportions ever-marrying, this was by no means a universal effect.
The household context of proto-industry played a major role in
determining its impact on nuptiality."
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
52:10406 Lieberson,
Stanley; Waters, Mary. Ethnic mixtures in the United
States. Sociology and Social Research, Vol. 70, No. 1, Oct 1985.
43-52 pp. Los Angeles, California. In Eng.
Recent trends in ethnic
intermarriage in the United States are analyzed using data from the
1980 Public Use Microdata Samples. "...Marriage patterns among persons
of mixed ethnic ancestry are examined in terms of whether choice of
mates reflects the following possible outcomes: a pattern that lies
somewhere between those common compatriots with just a single ancestry;
a pattern in the direction of unmixed persons with one of the common
ancestries; or a pattern quite distinctive from that found among
unmixed persons of either ancestry."
This is a revised version of a
paper originally presented at the 1985 Annual Meeting of the Population
Association of America (see Population Index, Vol. 51, No. 3, Fall
1985, p. 381).
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
52:10407 Lynch,
Katherine A. Marriage age among French factory workers:
an Alsatian example. Journal of Interdisciplinary History, Vol.
16, No. 3, Winter 1986. 405-29 pp. Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
The author examines trends in age at first marriage of factory
workers in a community undergoing industrialization using data from
marriage registers for Dornach, France, for the period between the
mid-1820s and the mid-1850s. Several factors influencing workers'
nuptiality, including occupation and migration characteristics and
timing of parents' deaths, are investigated. The focus is on data
concerning female workers. The findings are compared with the outcomes
predicted by Hajnal's western European model and by the proto-
industrialization hypothesis.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SH).
52:10408 Malaker, C.
R. Modelling of Indian nuptiality. Sankhya: Indian
Journal of Statistics, Series B, Vol. 47, No. 1, Apr 1985. 118-27 pp.
Calcutta, India. In Eng.
Models of nuptiality developed by Coale
are applied to data for India taken from the 1971 census. The author
concludes that the available data do not permit the use of these models
and proposes an alternative method involving the use of computerized
searching. This method is used to analyze Indian nuptiality data.
Substantial differences in nuptiality patterns between the sexes are
noted.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10409 McLaughlin,
Steven D.; Grady, William R.; Billy, John O. G.; Landale, Nancy S.;
Winges, Linda D. The effects of the sequencing of marriage
and first birth during adolescence. Family Planning Perspectives,
Vol. 18, No. 1, Jan-Feb 1986. 12-8 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
The consequences of the sequencing of marriage and first birth
among adolescents giving birth in the United States are explored. The
emphasis is on comparing the outcomes among adolescent mothers who
differ in the timing of marriage relative to birth. The data are from
the 1982 National Survey of Family Growth and the four waves of the
National Longitudinal Survey of Youth conducted between 1979 and 1982.
Factors considered include subsequent educational experience, marital
instability, subsequent birth intervals, and differences by
race.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10410 Murphy, M.
J. Demographic and socio-economic influences on recent
British marital breakdown patterns. Population Studies, Vol. 39,
No. 3, Nov 1985. 441-60 pp. London, England. In Eng.
The sources of
data on marital breakdown and divorce in the United Kingdom are
evaluated. The accuracy of data from large-scale multi-purpose surveys
is compared with data from official divorce records, and the extent of
under-recording in the latter source is estimated. The results of the
analysis indicate that demographic factors have a greater effect on
marriage breakdown than do socioeconomic factors. Demographic factors
considered include childlessness, length of first birth interval, age
at marriage, and fertility status. Social factors considered include
social class, housing, woman's religion, type of marriage ceremony, and
length of dating period before marriage.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10411 Neury,
J.-E. The remarriage of divorced persons. [Die
Wiederverheiratung der Geschiedenen/Le remariage des personnes
divorcees.] Statistische Hefte, 1: Bevolkerung/Cahiers Statistiques,
1: Population, ISBN 3-303-01005-6. 1985. 20 pp. Bundesamt fur
Statistik: Bern, Switzerland. In Fre; Ger. with sum. in Ita.
Trends
in the remarriage of divorced persons are examined for Switzerland over
the past 25 years. The data are from official sources. Topics covered
include trends in the number of marriages of divorced persons, the
frequency of remarriage, remarriage rates according to the duration of
time since divorce, the average interval between divorce and
remarriage, remarriage rates according to year of divorce, age at
remarriage, and age at divorce for women who
remarry.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10412 Rajulton,
Fernando. Marriageability and divorceability: a
simulation of the unobservables through the conditional Gaussian
diffusion process. IPD Working Paper, No. 1986-1, 1986. 37 pp.
Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Interuniversity Programme in Demography:
Brussels, Belgium. In Eng.
The author attempts to illustrate the
flexibility of the conditional Gaussian diffusion model and its
applicability to the analysis of marriage and divorce. The particular
focus is on changes in marital behavior in developed
countries.
"Relevant notions and a viable measure (though
incomplete) of marriageability and divorceability are introduced in
Section 1. The model specification based on the ideas of the
conditional Gaussian diffusion process, which allows an analysis of
heterogeneity dynamics of these unobservables, is explained in brief in
Section 2. And Section 3 gives an illustrative example of a simulation
carried out for the case of marriageability with the ideas developed in
Section 2. The last section points out the extension to divorceability
and other demographic variables of interest."
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10413 Schoen,
Robert; Baj, John. The impact of the marriage squeeze in
five Western countries. Sociology and Social Research, Vol. 70,
No. 1, Oct 1985. 8-19 pp. Los Angeles, California. In Eng.
"The
impact of the marriage squeeze, [defined as] the effect of the age- sex
composition of the population on marriage rates, is examined for the
United States, England and Wales, Belgium, Sweden, and Switzerland over
the period 1910-1976....The severity of the marriage squeeze was found
to vary substantially by period and country, with the most severe
squeezes occurring in England and Wales, Sweden, and Switzerland during
the years 1915-35..
The authors compare the effects of the marriage
squeeze on the proportion ever marrying and on the average age at
marriage with the effects of changes in marriage preferences. The
results indicate that "while the marriage squeeze phenomenon is not
trival and should not be ignored, the findings did not support theories
which see the marriage squeeze as playing a major role in recent
changes in marriage behavior."
Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
52:10414 Schweitzer,
Walter. Marriage tables versus marital status tables--a
critical comparison. [Heiratstafeln versus
Familienstandstafeln--ein kritischer Vergleich.] Materialien zur
Bevolkerungswissenschaft, No. 44, 1985. iii, 102 pp. Bundesinstitut fur
Bevolkerungsforschung: Wiesbaden, Germany, Federal Republic of. In Ger.
The aim of this work is to describe how the theory of Markov chains
can be used to construct both marriage tables (a form of
multiple-decrement table) and marital status tables (a form of
increment-decrement table). The models employed are first discussed,
and a series of tables is presented using data for the Federal Republic
of Germany in 1972- 1974. A critical comparison of the two types of
tables is also provided.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
52:10415 Storm,
H. Life tables by marital status, 1981-1984.
[Overlevingstafels naar burgerlijke staat, 1981-1984.] Maandstatistiek
van de Bevolking, Vol. 33, No. 9, Sep 1985. 42-8 pp. Voorburg,
Netherlands. In Dut. with sum. in Eng.
Marital life tables for the
Netherlands for the period 1981-1984 are presented. Changes in the
number of moves among the four marital statuses never married, married,
widowed, and divorced are analyzed. The results indicate that marriage
is becoming less important over time as people spend longer periods in
the never married or divorced status. Since 1971-1975, the mean
duration of marriage has declined by about four years, whereas the mean
time spent in the divorced status has increased to six years for men
and eight years for women.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
52:10416 van
Leusden, Hans. Indicators of marriage and marriage
dissolution of the female population of Curacao, 1960-1962, 1970-1972,
and 1980-1981: a multidimensional analysis. Working Papers of the
NIDI, No. 66, Oct 1985. vii, 90 pp. Netherlands Interuniversity
Demographic Institute [NIDI]: Voorburg, Netherlands. In Eng.
"This
publication contains a statistical description of the process of
marriage and marriage dissolution among women in Curacao over the
periods 1960-1962, 1970-1972 and 1980-1981. The multidimensional
method was applied for the analysis, using two procedures: the
population-based approach and the status-based approach. For the sake
of comparison, data from the Netherlands (1978) have been incorporated
in this publication."
The results show "that marriage contraction
has decreased since 1960-1962 and that divorce-- already at a high
level in 1960-1962 in comparison with other countries--has increased
even further. As for the patterns of marriage and marriage dissolution
among the Antillean female residents of Curacao (women of Dutch
nationality, born on the Netherlands Antilles), the analysis showed
that, in 1980-1981, they hardly differed from the corresponding
patterns found among the total female population of
Curacao."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10417 Volkov, A.;
Savchenko, N. Male nuptiality by real cohorts.
[Brachnost' muzhchin v real'nykh pokoleniyakh.] Vestnik Statistiki, No.
9, 1985. 19-29 pp. Moscow, USSR. In Rus.
Trends in male nuptiality
in the USSR over the past 30 years are analyzed. Male nuptiality is
compared with female nuptiality using nuptiality indexes derived from
real cohorts. A trend toward lower age at marriage over time is noted,
and the impact of this trend on marital stability is
considered.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10418 Waite,
Linda J.; Haggstrom, Gus W.; Kanouse, David E. The
consequences of parenthood for the marital stability of young
adults. American Sociological Review, Vol. 50, No. 6, Dec 1985.
850-7 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This paper examines how the
birth of the first child affects the stability of marriages over the
short run: it uses [U.S.] data from the National Longitudinal Study of
the High School Class of 1972. [The] results show strong, positive
effects of the first birth on the marital stability of young adults.
[The authors] estimate that by the time the first child reaches his
second birth [date] more than 20 percent of the parents would have been
divorced or separated if the child had not been born, compared to
actual disruption rates of 5-8 percent."
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10419 White, Lynn
K.; Booth, Alan. The quality and stability of remarriages:
the role of stepchildren. American Sociological Review, Vol. 50,
No. 5, Oct 1985. 689-98 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This paper
separates the effects of remarriage and presence of stepchildren on the
stability and satisfaction of second marriages. Using a [U.S.]
nationwide probability sample of 1,673 married individuals interviewed
in 1980 and again in 1983, [the authors] show that the higher divorce
rate among remarriages is limited to the most complex form of
remarriage: where both spouses have been previously married and there
are stepchildren in the household....In addition to breaking up their
families through divorce, stepfamilies are shown to move teenagers out
of the home and empty the nest faster than biological families. [They]
conclude that the presence of stepchildren is a destabilizing influence
within remarriages and a major contributor to the somewhat greater rate
of divorce."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10420 Woods, R.
I.; Hinde, P. R. A. Nuptiality and age at marriage in
nineteenth-century England. Journal of Family History, Vol. 10,
No. 2, Summer 1985. 119-44 pp. Saint Paul, Minnesota. In Eng.
"This
paper presents a reworking and extension of Anderson's...analysis of
Victorian marriage patterns. It utilises registration district data
for England and Wales in 1861 and 1891 together with information on
individuals drawn from the census enumerators' books for six case study
districts, 1851-1881. The main focus of the analysis is on the role of
occupational characteristics, especially those of women, and the ways
such characteristics condition the resultant level of nuptiality via
age at first marriage and the proportion ever married. The need to
supplement ecological multivariate analysis by the use of a 'collective
biography' approach is emphasized and illustrated."
For the study by
Michael Anderson, published in 1976, see 43:2451.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10421 Yamaguchi,
Kiichi; Yamamoto, Michiko. Recent trends in the mean age
at marriage in Japan in comparison with other countries. Jinko
Mondai Kenkyu/Journal of Population Problems, No. 174, Apr 1985. 69-75
pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Jpn.
Recent trends in age at marriage in Japan
and the demographic consequences are examined. Comparisons are made
with the situation in selected other countries.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10422 Zeng, Yi;
Vaupel, James W.; Yashin, Anatoli I. Marriage and
fertility in China: a graphical analysis. Population and
Development Review, Vol. 11, No. 4, Dec 1985. 721-36, 800, 802 pp. New
York, New York. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"Data from China's
1982 one-in-a-thousand fertility survey are used to construct contour
maps of various surfaces of Chinese marriage and fertility. They offer
a panoramic view of the interaction of age, period, and cohort
variations. The maps display long-term trends over the last three
decades: an upward shift of about four years in age at marriage and
dramatic fertility declines, especially before age 20 and after age
30." The authors also find that "marriage remains virtually universal
by age 35 and fertility among married women under age 26 remains as
high as it has been over the last 30 or 40 years. Each year about a
third of married women between ages 19 and 26 bear a
child."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10423 Ankarloo,
Bengt. Stages of women's lives: 18 Swedish female cohorts
and their life cycle history. [Sekler av kvinnoliv: 18 svenska
kvinnokohorter och deras livscykelforlopp.] Scandia, Vol. 49, No. 2,
1983. 277-90, 305 pp. Lund, Sweden. In Swe. with sum. in Eng.
Changing life cycle experiences among 18 female birth cohorts in
Sweden between 1750 and the 1920s are reviewed. The focus is on the
factors that prevented women from experiencing an "ideal" life cycle,
including survival of self and husband to age 50. Five factors
influencing the life course are considered, namely, mortality,
emigration, nuptiality, widowhood, and divorce. The author notes that
as mortality declined over time, factors preventing marriage played an
increasingly important role. Consideration is also given to the family
structure of Scandinavian immigrants in the American
Midwest.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
52:10424 Benoit, D.;
Levi, P.; Vimard, P. Household structures in rural
populations of South Togoland. Journal of Comparative Family
Studies, Vol. 17, No. 2, Summer 1986. 219-31, vii, xi pp. Calgary,
Canada. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"This paper examines
variation in size and composition of family units among rural
populations of South Togo. In particular, variation in family
structure is examined in relationship to characteristics of heads of
household and other socio-demographic variables." Factor analysis
techniques are used, and findings are presented for type and size of
household according to ethnicity; place of residence; and age, sex,
marital status, educational level, and occupation of head of
household.
Location: Princeton University Library (SSA).
52:10425 Benson-von
der Ohe, Elizabeth; Mason, Valmari M. An annotated
bibliography of U.S. scholarship on the history of the family. AMS
Studies in Social History, No. 6, ISBN 0-404-61606-2. LC 85-48008.
1986. xxix, 194 pp. AMS Press: New York, New York. In Eng.
This is
an annotated bibliography of selected works by U.S. scholars on family
history. It includes journal articles, books, and unpublished papers.
The material covered is primarily published since 1970, with emphasis
on the period since 1975, and is organized by subject. Sections are
included on family and household structure and composition; marriage;
the life cycle; and sexuality, birth, death, and migration. The works
cited are from a variety of fields of study, including history,
sociology, anthropology, economics, and women's studies. The primary
geographical focus is on the United States; however, items on other
countries are included. There is an author
index.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10426 Blanc, Ann
K. The effect of nonmarital cohabitation on family
formation and dissolution: a comparative analysis of Sweden and
Norway. Pub. Order No. DA8520740. 1985. 125 pp. Dissertation
Abstracts International: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
"The aim of
this dissertation is to examine the impact of nonmarital cohabitation
on the sequence and timing of some important life-course events,
including marriage and marital dissolution....The effect of
cohabitation on the probability of entry into marriage is...explored in
detail using a multivariate hazard model. Finally, some of the social
and legal implications of cohabitation are discussed. Data from the
1980 Women in Sweden Survey and the 1977 Norwegian Fertility Survey are
used in the analyses."
The results indicate that "the traditional
sequence of relatively early entry into legal marriage followed by
childbearing is no longer the course followed by the majority of women
in Sweden. Among recent Swedish cohorts, the overwhelming majority of
women cohabit before marriage and these nonmarital unions are less
likely to result in marriage than such unions in earlier cohorts. In
addition, the association of legal marriage with childbearing has
become weaker....In Norway, similar trends are observed but are less
extreme and seem to have begun somewhat later."
This work was
prepared as a doctoral dissertation at Princeton
University.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International,
A: Humanities and Social Sciences 46(7).
52:10427 Blanc,
Olivier. Households in Switzerland: some aspects of their
evolution from 1960 to 1980 using census statistics. [Les menages
en Suisse: quelques aspects de leur evolution de 1960 a 1980 a travers
les statistiques de recensement.] Population, Vol. 40, No. 4-5, Jul-Oct
1985. 657-74 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
Using statistics from the 1960 and 1980 censuses of Switzerland,
the author notes that the number of households has risen at a rate
faster than the growth rate for the country's total population. Among
the suggested explanations for this finding are the growing populations
of young single and older widowed people, aging in the population as a
whole, the decline in the number of extended households, and the drop
in the birth rate. The author points out that the most marked changes
between the two censuses occurred in the German-speaking
cantons.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10428 Blayo,
Chantal. The status of women and fertility: the
experience of developed countries. [Condition de la femme et
fecondite: l'experience des pays developpes.] Genus, Vol. 41, No. 1-2,
Jan-Jun 1985. 181-8 pp. Rome, Italy. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Ita.
The author critically examines recent studies that have cited
various changes in women's status in developed countries as the cause
of changes in the number of children desired. It is suggested that
"the number has decreased as a consequence of the social pressures
tending to limit the total fertility of women so as to be compatible
with the new behaviour patterns of an industrialized
society."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10429 Brambila
Paz, Carlos. Migration and family formation in
Mexico. [Migracion y formacion familiar en Mexico.] ISBN
968-12-0300-3. 1985. 125 pp. Colegio de Mexico, Centro de Estudios de
Demografia y Desarrollo Urbano: Mexico City, Mexico. In Spa.
This
analysis of data from the 1976 National Fertility Survey of Mexico is
concerned with ways in which family formation has been affected by
increasing urbanization during the last 40 years. Particular attention
is given to the effects of the decision to migrate and of migration
itself on the timing of marriage and the number of children.
Adaptation of the individual to changed social conditions and
strategies for family survival are also studied.
For a related
study, published as a thesis in 1982, see 49:30419.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10430 Carmichael,
Gordon A. The changing structure of Australian
families. Australian Quarterly, Vol. 57, No. 1-2, Autumn-Winter
1985. 95-104 pp. Sydney, Australia. In Eng.
"This paper reports
briefly on some of the major contemporary demographic trends affecting
family structure and family formation in Australia. It begins by
noting some recent changes in the demographic character of Australian
families and households. It then looks in turn at trends in first
marriage patterns, childbearing, and divorce....It also highlights some
of the new forces which now impinge on the processes of family
formation and dissolution."
Location: U.S. Library of
Congress, Washington, D.C.
52:10431 Chant,
Sylvia. Single-parent families: choice or constraint?
The formation of female-headed households in Mexican shanty towns.
Development and Change, Vol. 16, No. 4, Oct 1985. 635-56 pp. The Hague,
Netherlands. In Eng.
"Using material collected in a survey of 244
low-income owner households in three irregular settlements in
Queretaro, Mexico, the purpose of this article is to show firstly how
female-headed households survive in comparison with male-headed
household, and secondly to clarify the various reasons for the
formation of single- parent units, indicating that they often result
from female initiative."
Location: Princeton University
Library (PF).
52:10432 De Vos,
Susan. Using World Fertility Survey data to study
household composition: an example of Latin America. CDE Working
Paper, No. 85-22, 1985. 44 pp. University of Wisconsin, Center for
Demography and Ecology: Madison, Wisconsin. In Eng.
Household data
from the World Fertility Survey (WFS) are used to examine household
composition in Latin America. "The major thrust of this note is
methodological. The five main topics are: 1) determining the sample;
2) defining marital status; 3) data quality; 4) measuring household
composition; and 5) the potential and limits of the WFS household
data." Tables are included presenting findings on various aspects of
household composition for the six countries concerned, which include
Mexico, Costa Rica, Panama, the Dominican Republic, Colombia, and
Peru.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10433 Duncan,
Greg J. A framework for tracking family relationships over
time. Journal of Economic and Social Measurement, Vol. 13, No.
3-4, Dec 1985. 237-43 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
The purpose
of this article is to describe a data structure for the U.S. Bureau of
the Census's Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) that
would enable analysts to account for numerous and varied changes in
family composition. "A framework is proposed that can be used to link
related individuals at any point during the data collection period and
to determine whether the linked pair of individuals shared the same
dwelling at any point. Examples of the value of such information are
describing the living arrangements of children, in understanding the
economic consequences of divorce, and in modeling the decisions of
young unmarried mothers to live independently or with
parents."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10434 Duncan,
Greg J.; Hill, Martha S. Conceptions of longitudinal
households: fertile or futile? Journal of Economic and Social
Measurement, Vol. 13, No. 3-4, Dec 1985. 361- 75 pp. New York, New
York. In Eng.
The authors discuss difficulties inherent in defining
a longitudinal household due to changes in composition through such
occurrences as births, deaths, divorces, marriages, children leaving
home, and institutionalizations. An alternative approach to
longitudinal analysis of the population is suggested, namely, the use
of the individual rather than the household as the unit of analysis.
Data from the U.S. Panel Study of Income Dynamics are used to
illustrate this approach.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
52:10435 Farid,
Samir. Fertility and family planning in the Arab
region. IPPF Medical Bulletin, Vol. 20, No. 1, Feb 1986. 1-3 pp.
London, England. In Eng.
"This article describes patterns of family
formation in the eight Arab countries that have participated in the
World Fertility Survey (WFS) programme: Egypt, Jordan, Mauritania,
Morocco, the Sudan, Syria, Tunisia and the Yemen Arab Republic."
Topics covered include age at marriage, fertility levels and trends,
infant and child mortality, breast-feeding, fertility preferences, and
family planning.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
52:10436
Goldscheider, Frances K.; LeBourdais, Celine. The
decline in age at leaving home, 1920-1979. Sociology and Social
Research, Vol. 70, No. 2, Jan 1986. 143-5 pp. Los Angeles, California.
In Eng.
"A secular trend [in the United States] towards leaving
home at earlier ages is found in a retrospective study of Rhode Island
residents, covering the period 1920 to 1979....The data come from a
clustered, multi-stage sample survey conducted in Rhode Island in 1967,
1968, and 1969 by the Brown University Population Laboratory. The
sample consisted originally of 3,345 adult respondents, of whom 2,058
were successfully reinterviewed in 1979." Factors possibly
contributing to the trend in leaving home at earlier ages are
discussed.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
52:10437 Golod, S.
I. The stability of the family: social and demographic
aspects. [Stabil'nost' sem'i: sotsiologicheskii i demograficheskii
aspekty.] LC 84-241369. 1984. 134 pp. Nauka: Leningrad, USSR. In Rus.
Recent developments concerning the family in the USSR are reviewed.
The characteristics of the contemporary family are analyzed, with a
focus on the urban family. The central role of the relationship
between husband and wife is stressed. Consideration is given to how
the society can influence the process of human reproduction through
policy measures.
Location: U.S. Library of Congress,
Washington, D.C.
52:10438 Grigsby,
Jill; McGowan, Jill B. Still in the nest: adult children
living with their parents. Sociology and Social Research, Vol. 70,
No. 2, Jan 1986. 146-8 pp. Los Angeles, California. In Eng.
The
authors analyze data from the 1-in-1,000 Public-Use Microdata Sample of
the 1980 U.S. Census of Population and Housing in order to examine
selected characteristics of adult children living with their parents.
The focus is on individuals over age 18 who are children of the head of
household. Information is presented for this population by age for
several socioeconomic variables, including marital status, school
enrollment, education, labor force status, and individual income. A
life cycle explanation for the observed living arrangements is
suggested.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
52:10439 Hancioglu,
Attila. Family types and household size in Turkey.
Nufusbilim Dergisi/Turkish Journal of Population Studies, Vol. 7, 1985.
61-76 pp. Ankara, Turkey. In Eng. with sum. in Tur.
"This study is
concerned with the prevalence of specific family types and their mean
sizes in various regions and places of residence in Turkey for the year
1978, when the nationwide Turkish Fertility Survey was conducted.
Through concentration on various typologies of the compositions of
families, comparisons of the 1978 findings with those of the 1968
Survey on Family Structure and Population Problems are also
made."
The author concludes that "the main change has been the
significant increase of the dissolved families and the significant
decrease of the patriarchal families, in all regions and places of
residence."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10440 Hohn,
Charlotte. The family life cycle concept and cohort
analysis. [Familienzykluskonzept und Kohortenanalyse.] Zeitschrift
fur Bevolkerungswissenschaft, Vol. 11, No. 2, 1985. 147-64 pp.
Wiesbaden, Germany, Federal Republic of. In Ger. with sum. in Eng; Fre.
Use of the family life cycle concept in demographic studies is
explored. "By example of the methodological measuring problems which
arise for each of the 7 indicators of the classical 6-phase family life
cycle, if the latter are derived from cross-section data, it is
demonstrated that only the cohort analysis of biographies can serve as
the appropriate procedure. This moreover makes it possible to avoid
the limitation of the family life cycle concept to stable first
marriages....In addition, the cohort analysis is also superior on
account of the fact that partial demographic processes are differing
from one generation to the next with regard to speed and
intensity."
Some examples of these approaches in demographic
analyses are presented, and the advantages and disadvantages are
discussed.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10441 Kravdal,
Oystein. Moving out of the parental home: regional and
social differences among Swedish women born between 1936 and 1960.
[Flytting fra foreldrehjemmet: regionale og sosiale forskjeller blant
svenske kvinner fodt 1936-60.] Stockholm Research Reports in
Demography, No. 26, ISBN 91-7820-013-X. Jun 1985. 84 pp. University of
Stockholm, Section of Demography: Stockholm, Sweden. In Swe.
The
factors affecting when adult children leave home permanently in Sweden
are analyzed using data for women born between 1936 and 1960.
Consideration is given to age at leaving, reasons for leaving, and to
living arrangements prior to entering into a union or
marriage.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10442 Lutz,
Wolfgang. Marriages, divorces, and number of children:
life tables on the family life cycle in Austria. [Heiraten,
Scheidungen und Kinderzahl: demographische Tafeln zum
Familien-Lebenszyklus in Osterreich.] Demographische Informationen,
1985. 3-20, 128 pp. Vienna, Austria. In Ger. with sum. in Eng.
A
multistate life table approach to the analysis of the family life cycle
is outlined. "After calculating one-dimensional nuptiality and divorce
tables and presenting a recently developed model of a fertility table
based on parity, a multi-state model is described in which the cells
represent all possible combinations of marital status and parity." The
model is applied to data from the 1976 and 1981 micro-censuses of
Austria. Findings regarding marriage, divorce, fertility, and fertility
differentials by education are discussed.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10443 Marini,
Margaret M. Determinants of the timing of adult role
entry. Social Science Research, Vol. 14, No. 4, Dec 1985. 309-50
pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
Factors influencing the timing of
the transition from adolescence to adulthood are examined by focusing
on entry into the labor force, marriage, and parenthood. Data from a
1957-1958 survey of students in 10 U.S. high schools and a follow-up
study of the same sample in 1973-1974 are analyzed. For these cohorts,
the timing of entry into adult roles is shown "to be a function of (1)
the duration of time spent in transitional roles, (2) availability of
the opportunity to enter an adult role, and (3) an individual's
orientation to an adult role."
Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
52:10444 Munz,
Rainer. Life with children: desire and reality.
[Leben mit Kindern: Wunsch und Wirklichkeit.] Demographische
Informationen, 1985. 56-68, 129 pp. Vienna, Austria. In Ger. with sum.
in Eng.
This article is a summary of a larger study designed to
analyze the desire for children, reproductive behavior, and family
formation in Austria, as well as the consequences of family formation
for the living conditions of women. The findings of the study are also
published in a 1985 book edited by R. Munz. Data for the study are
from interviews conducted in 1978 and 1981-1982 with 2,000 women who
had married in 1974 or 1977. Additional in-depth interviews were
carried out with 40 women.
Findings are presented regarding "desired
family size and number of children; employment of women and mothers;
the every-day lives of women and the division of labor in the family;
patterns of relations in the family; contraception and family planning;
[and] perspectives on family policy."
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
52:10445 Oropesa, R.
S. Subjective relative affluence and expected family
size. Sociology and Social Research, Vol. 69, No. 4, Jul 1985.
501-15 pp. Los Angeles, California. In Eng.
"This paper explores
some of the microlevel implications of the Easterlin hypothesis using
[U.S.] data from the NORC General Social Science Surveys [for the
period 1972- 1983]. Questions are answered surrounding the extent to
which perceived changes in affluence from the family of origin to the
present affect the expected family sizes (in the short- and long- term)
of men and women. The results of this analysis provide evidence for
both skeptics and believers of the hypothesis."
Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
52:10446 Poston,
Dudley L.; Yu, Mei-Yu. Completed single childedness in 61
nations, including China and other Communist countries. Sociology
and Social Research, Vol. 70, No. 1, Oct 1985. 107-9 pp. Los Angeles,
California. In Eng.
Trends in single childedness around the world
are analyzed using data from a variety of official national and U.N.
sources, as well as from the World Fertility Survey. The results
suggest "that single childedness occurs disproportionately in most
Communist countries, net of literacy as a predictor. It [is also
found] that although China has a low rate of completed single
childedness, it has a very high rate of single childedness as a ratio
to childlessness. This ratio is generally higher in Communist
countries than elsewhere."
Location: Princeton University
Library (PR).
52:10447 Ramu, G.
N.; Tavuchis, Nicholas. The valuation of children and
parenthood among the voluntarily childless and parental couples in
Canada. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, Vol. 17, No. 1,
Spring 1986. viii, xii, 99-116 pp. Calgary, Canada. In Eng. with sum.
in Fre; Spa.
Recent shifts in attitudes toward children and
parenthood in Canada are examined. The data, which were collected in
1975 and 1977, concern two groups of non-randomly selected couples with
and without children in Winnipeg. The couples' reasons for becoming
parents or remaining childless are explored.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SSA).
52:10448 Tabard,
Nicole. Reflections on the relationship of fertility and
social mobility. [Reflexions sur la relation fecondite-mobilite
sociale.] Consommation, Vol. 30, No. 3, 1983. 61-9 pp. Montreuil,
France. In Fre.
This is the text of the concluding section of a
report on fertility and living standards in France, which was
commissioned by the Caisse Nationale d'Allocations Familiales in 1982.
The focus of the report is on factors affecting family size,
particularly those contributing to declines in the number of children
parents have. The data are from a survey of approximately 3,000
households.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:10449 United
States. Bureau of the Census (Washington, D.C.).
Households, families, marital status, and living arrangements:
March 1985 (advance report). Current Population Reports, Series
P-20: Population Characteristics, No. 402, Oct 1985. 13 pp.
Washington, D.C. In Eng.
Data from the U.S. Current Population
Survey on households, families, and marital status as of March 1985 are
presented. Comparative data back to 1940 are also included.
Consideration is given to marriage postponement, consensual unions, and
the number of persons living alone. The source and reliability of the
data are discussed.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
52:10450 van de
Giessen, G. J. Social norms concerning family size.
[Sociale normen ten aanzien van de gezinsgrootte.] Maandstatistiek van
de Bevolking, Vol. 33, No. 9, Sep 1985. 60-4 pp. Voorburg, Netherlands.
In Dut. with sum. in Eng.
The impact of changing social norms on
the number of children that parents choose to have is analyzed. The
author notes that although in the past societal pressures were
generally pro-natalist, the norms in the United States and Western
Europe are currently for two or three children only. The continuation
of social disapproval of voluntary childlessness and one-child families
is discussed. It is suggested that since children are no longer a
source of income and are not necessary for old age security, the
childless and one-child status for families will become increasingly
popular. The growing acceptance in the Netherlands of childbearing
among people who are single, in consensual unions, or in homosexual
relationships is noted.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
52:10451 Yeh,
Stephen H. K. Households and housing. Census
Monograph, No. 4, ISBN 9971-914-18-2. [1984]. xiii, 106 pp. Department
of Statistics: Singapore. In Eng.
This is one of a collection of
nine reports on the results of the 1980 census of Singapore, the focus
here being on households and housing. The household structure and
housing situation in 1980 are described, and recent trends are
examined. Prospects for household formation and for the demand and
supply of housing for the 1980s are outlined. Information is also
included concerning new towns in Singapore and the role of the
government in urban and residential planning.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
